Understanding Migration
Internal Migration
Difficulties faced by Migrants
Generally crowd finds it irrelevant when one
tries to show the connection between poverty, hunger, climate change, and migration.
Climate change impacts on rain, resources, food security and which lead to
migration - displacement, war, and poverty and hunger crisis.
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Internal Migration
In layman’s language internal migration can
be understood as a migration in internal borders. This migration can be due to
various environmental, social, economic and political factors.
In India migration happened often due to
agrarian distress which pushed farmers for jobs in states where jobs were
available. For example, farmers from Bihar and Uttar Pradesh due to less
opportunities and growth migrate to other states for labor class jobs and there
were problems faced by these migrants. Museum Cum Marine Adventure- Read About INS Viraat
According to Lee migration can be understood
better due to two factor- Push factor , and Pull factor. Push factors are the
factors which push people away to other regions. For example- Poverty, Fear,
Disasters and unemployment can be considered as push factors due to which
people migrate and leave the place.
On the other hand, Pull factors are
attractive reasons due to which people migrate. For example- if people find
safety, opportunities, stability and freedom, they tend to migrate to that
region which provides them all.
The Economic Survey 2017 also estimated “interstate
migration in India was around 9 million per year from 2011 to 2016.
The Ultimate Reason
In Indian Context, this is understood that
people migrated due to employment only. They needed job securities, which are
not available in equally in every region. People migrated towards bigger
cities, which create unsustainable urbanization.
Difficulties faced by Migrants
In many cases,
cultures of resistance to change prevail, in which immigrants may be victims of
racial
discrimination Or xenophobic comments, by their country or region
of origin.
There can be language barriers as every
region has different language, and people may feel uncomfortable.
There can be multiculturalism which can
sometimes lead to conflicts.
Benefits of the Migrants
Improvement of the quality of life
Most immigrants
are looking for an increase in standard living conditions. Living in a
crime-free environment, with citizen benefits and social security, is often a
common engine for urging people to move from one place to another.
Internal migration has resulted in the increased income of
households, especially for people with higher skills, social
connections and assets.
Migrants belonging to lower castes and tribes have also brought in
enough income to improve the economic condition of their
households in rural areas and lift them out of poverty.
Data show that a circular migrant’s earnings
account for a higher proportion of household income among the lower castes and
tribes. This has helped to improve the creditworthiness of
the family members left behind as they can now obtain loans
more easily.
New personal and professional experiences
The new stage of life encourages immigrants
to get the best of them in the personal and work environment.
Contact with new cultures and expansion of knowledge
Traveling gives you the opportunity to learn about new cultures,
gastronomy, means of transport, idioms, traditions, and even overcome language
barriers, if this is the case.
Way Forward
There are two types of migrants which are
short term migrants and long term migrants. Short term migrants sometimes face
problems, so there is a need to recognize that short term migration helps in
improving livelihood.
There is a urgent need from private entrepreneurs
to consider the importance and need of the migrants.
Government should focus on a national policy
on internal migrants where basic facts related to migrants could be considered.
For migrants for survival there should be different policy than the migrants
for employments.
Smart urbanization is also needed where
migrants do not end in uncomfortable slums. Basic urban planning is the need of
the hour.
