Chaos in Central African Republic

In light of renewed violence, the International criminal court
prosecutor opened a second investigation (CAR II), this time looking at alleged
war crimes and crimes against humanity since 1 august 2012.
The United Nations Security Council has adopted a
resolution to extend sanctions against the Central African Republic for another
year.
Resolution 2454, adopted unanimously on January 31, 2019 by the
5- member council, decides to renew the sanctions regime- an arms embargo,
travel ban and asset freeze till January 21, 2020.
Exempted Countries
The panel of experts said in its latest report that it granted several exemptions to allow shipments of weapons from France, Russia, china, the United States and Belgium for CAR’s army.
It also decided to extend the mandate of the panel of
experts, which would help the Security Council with the implementation of the
sanctions, until February 29, 2020. The panel of experts said in its latest report that it granted several exemptions to allow shipments of weapons from France, Russia, china, the United States and Belgium for CAR’s army.
The resolution envisaged the establishment of key benchmarks in various sector that could help the security council review the arms embargo on the Central African Republic government by April 30, 2019.
The UN imposed sanctions on the Central African Republic in 2013, in response to the continuing deterioration of the security situation in the country, by UN Security Council Resolution 2127.
The sanction comprised an arms official ban on trade, which was supplemented on 28 January 2014 by targeted asset freezes and travel bans against people undermining the peace and stability of the Central African Republic or violating the ban on arms trade.
1 – Engaging in or providing support for acts that undermine
the peace, stability, or security of the CAR, including acts that threaten or
hamper the stabilization and reconciliation process or that fuel violence.
2 – Acting in violation of the arms trade ban, or
having supplied arms to armed groups or criminal networks in CAR, or having
been the recipient of arms or any related material or training related to the
violent activities of armed groups or criminal networks in the CAR.
3- Involved in acts that violate international human
rights law or international humanitarian law, or that constitute human rights
abuses or violations in the CAR.
4- Involved in acts involving sexual and gender-based
violence in the CAR.
5- Recruiting or using children in armed conflict in
the CAR.
6- Providing support for armed groups or criminal
networks through the illicit exploitation in trade of nature resources,
including diamonds, gold, wildlife, or wildlife products in or from the CAR.
7 – Obstructing the delivery of humanitarian
assistance to the CAR, or access to, or distribution of humanitarian assistance
in the CAR.
8- Involved in attacks against UN missions or
international security presences.
9- Who are leaders of, or have supported or acted on
behalf of or at the direction of a designated entity.
United Nations Security Council
The UNSC is one of the six principal organs of the
United Nations and is charged with the maintenance of international peace and
security. Its powers include the establishment of peacekeeping operations, the
establishment of international sanctions, and the authorization of military
actions through Security Council resolutions.
It is the only UN body with the authority to issue
binding resolution to member states. The Security Council consists of fifteen
members. Russia, the United Kingdom, France, china and the united states- serve
as the body’s five permanent members.
Theses permanent members can veto any substantive Security
Council resolution, including those on the admission of new member states or
candidates for secretary-general.
The Security Council also has 10 non-permanent members,
elected on a regional basis to serve two year terms. The body’s presidency
rotates monthly among its members.
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