The Ukraine and Russia War
The Russo - Ukrainian war has caused Europe's largest refugee crisis since World War II. It has killed hundred of thousands people in causality. The war not only has impacted Russia, Ukraine but also the entire world specially European Countries.
This article intends to cover the entire issue, reason for war, and why, and the impact on the world in economical, and political way.
The starting of Russia - Ukraine War
The Russo-Ukrainian War began in 2014 with Russia attempting to take control of the country.
The starting of conflict happened after the 'Revolution of Dignity' or Maidan Revolution or Ukrainian Revolution in February 2014.
This was due to then president- YanuKovych's sudden decision not to sign a political association and free trade agreement with the European Union (EU). While Ukrainian Parliament approved the finalizing the agreement with the European Union.
Russia put pressure to reject the ties with the EU. This resulted in the protest. This increased the protest, and protestors occupied the independence square in central Kyiv. In January 2014, clashes increased between protestors, and special riot police. After a series of conflicts- then government Azarov Govt resigned.
Since then there are conflicts in Ukraine and Russia, until February 24th 2022- Russia Invaded Ukraine. It resulted in tens of thousands of deaths on both sides, and caused Europe's largest refugee crisis since World War II.
Russain President- Vladimir Putting announced this invasion as 'special military operation' seeking for 'demilitarization' and 'de- nazification' of Ukraine.
Is Ukraine - a country?
The USSR, or known as the Soviet Union dissolved in 1991, and the newly independent republics of Ukraine and Russia maintained political and geographical ties.
Ukraine, in 1994 even agreed to sign a Nuclear Non- Proliferation Treaty and dismantled the nuclear weapons in Ukraine left by the Soviet Union. In return, Russia, the UK, and the US agreed to uphold the territorial integrity of Ukraine.
Therefore, Ukraine held the status of an independent country.
Impacts on the rest of the world
Russia's war on Ukraine has already disrupted trade, food, services and other aspects of life in the region. In addition, the war has weakened Russia's relationship with other countries and tainted its reputation. This will have an impact on the rest of the world.
As a result of the disruption, prices of essential commodities have risen. These include food, fuel and energy. Higher prices will erode incomes, raise inflation and weigh on asset prices.
More pronounced effects will be seen in economies that rely on oil and energy imports. They will have a greater fiscal deficit and will face increased pressure to contain inflation. Countries that rely on tourism will also face higher costs.
A further escalation of the crisis could trigger more serious regional crisis. Analysts are concerned that disruptions in supply chains could negatively affect food security.
The effects of the war on the global economy will be felt for years to come. War has caused a surge in inflation and eroded confidence in businesses and consumers. Some analysts are concerned that further disruptions could cause social tensions.
Economic growth will be sluggish. It is unlikely that GDP will grow at the same rate as it did before the war. While some countries may benefit from higher prices, some countries will suffer from lower output.
Disruptions in energy and food supplies have caused the prices of those commodities to rise. They will have a direct impact on Africa, which relies heavily on Russia and Ukraine for imports of these critical commodities.
Some countries are at risk of falling into social turmoil due to a lack of employment opportunities. Those with weak social safety nets are at a greater risk.
A global safety net is necessary to address this threat. In the case of Russia, the UN and the OSCE have not been able to provide effective responses. Fortunately, the United States has led the international community in its efforts to protect Ukrainian civilians.
There are also a number of other impacts that will be felt worldwide. For example, some countries have experienced a surge in refugee flows.
Ukrainian army losses may exceed 193,000 service members since the beginning of the special military operation in Ukraine
The Ukrainian military and the Russian military have been at war in various forms since the beginning of the year. In particular, the two countries are at each other's throats over a variety of issues.
The Ukrainian army launched two counteroffensives in September. One in the south drove Russian troops from the city of Kherson, while the other pressed assaults into Luhansk oblast.
The Ukrainian army claimed to have killed more than 12,000 enemy combatants. However, Russian news agency TASS reported that the total may exceed 193,000.
While both sides are exaggerating their own losses, the Russian military has surpassed its rival's by a long shot. According to the Oryx website, Russia has lost over 8,000 pieces of equipment, including seven hundred armored fighting vehicles.
Meanwhile, the Ukrainian military has suffered at least $119 billion in damages. Although it has been able to repel some of the encroaching Russian forces, the country still has a small navy.
A new commander for operations in Ukraine is due to take office, which will give him or her the ability to make some tough decisions. It also enables Kiev to withdraw its troops to more advantageous defensive positions.
Despite the fact that the Ukrainian military may not have reached its goals, the country has made a valiant effort. It has shown resilience and has received substantial military aid from several Western nations.
But the battle in Ukraine is still over physical borders. There is no consensus among experts about whether or not the full liberation of Donbas and Crimea is possible. Some military experts say it is, while others say that it is not.
As the two countries continue to engage in a series of high-stakes negotiations, they will be looking to use their best diplomatic positions. Perhaps the lull in the fighting in the winter months will give both sides an opportunity to negotiate.
If the two sides can find common ground and settle their differences, Ukraine will be able to rebuild and emerge with a thriving economy. However, finding the funds for such a project will prove to be quite the challenge.
Russian civilian deaths have been minimal as most fighting has been inside Ukraine
Ukraine's military continues to hold strong in Kharkiv, where Russian forces are attempting to retake large swaths of territory. The city has been under sustained attack since late February.
Kiev's prosecutor-general has opened investigations into thousands of possible war crimes, including those committed by Russian troops. Russia has also been accused of ill-treatment of prisoners of war in its custody, which is believed to have contributed to a surge of infectious diseases.
While many of the civilian deaths in Ukraine are attributed to shelling, air strikes, and explosive weapons with wide area effects, many others are the result of lack of medical care and other human rights violations. According to the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, more than 4,100 Ukrainian civilians have died in the country's nine-month-long war. It is estimated that 3,000 died due to a lack of medical care or in besieged cities.
There are no official figures for the number of Russian soldiers killed in the war, but the U.K. Ministry of Defence released a report in April stating that at least 15,000 Russian troops have been killed.
However, the Ukrainian Ministry of Defense estimates that between 70,000 and 100,000 Russian soldiers have been killed in the war. Most of these deaths were lower rank personnel.
The Kremlin has been trying to control the population of several regions in Ukraine. In one of the most recent cases, Russia attacked the city of Donetsk and its surrounding areas. This prompted a Ukrainian counter-offensive that has forced the Russians to retreat. But despite the victory, the Russians have maintained a presence in the eastern region of Donbas.
The Kremlin's efforts have led to thousands of civilian deaths. The OHCHR says that the toll is likely higher, although it also states that it has no reliable figures.
While the Kremlin has been successful in imposing its authority, many of its civilians have suffered from ill treatment in prisons. One report found that some prisons in Russia did not have adequate food, water, sanitation, or medicine.
As the conflict in Ukraine moves towards the 100-day mark, a new wave of Russian assaults is expected in southern and eastern parts of the country. Russia has already taken control of the strategically important city of Mariupol in the Donetsk region, and is preparing fresh attempts to seize the initiative in the war.
Russia's military reputation is in a shambles
Russia's military reputation has taken a beating since the Ukraine and Russia War. The Russian invasion of Ukraine devastated the post Cold War security order in Europe.
It has cost the Russian military significant military and personnel losses, and its civilian reputation has suffered as well. A report from the U.S.'s Joint Chiefs of Staff estimates that as many as 100,000 Ukrainian soldiers have been killed or wounded in the war.
Russia's military has made a series of mistakes in the war. For example, the Russian air force has struggled to track moving targets. It has flown several hundred sorties a day.
Russia's army has also been hit hard by its failure to dominate the early stages of the war. It has been unable to keep pace with the Ukrainian military, which relies on Soviet-era equipment. In addition, Russian ground forces faced serious logistical problems, especially in the early days of the conflict.
Russian soldiers also had trouble maintaining morale. Some units complained that their leaders were uncaring, and their equipment was not up to par.
Another problem was the miscounting of the number of troops. Russian commanders, including General Shoigu, underestimated the size of their forces. He had sent 120 battalion tactical groups into battle. These groups were arranged in ineffective formations.
There were also problems with armoured columns, which were still sent in a single file. They caused heavy casualties to elite units. Artillery also fought an isolated campaign, but it was not able to break through the Ukrainian lines.
Russia's air force has resorted to dumb bombs. This type of weapon only drops at low altitudes, but exposes the planes to the fire of anti-aircraft systems.
Ukrainian soldiers and civilians have been the victims of numerous Russian attacks. A U.N. Human Rights Commissioner has estimated that over 6,000 civilians have been killed in the conflict.
Russian President Vladimir Putin's decision to invade Ukraine has been a major disaster. Although there are indications of a negotiated settlement, the likelihood is that the Kremlin will continue to hold territory in eastern Ukraine. If that happens, analysts believe the Russian-friendly government in Kyiv will be installed.
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